Cerebralcare Granule® enhances memantine hydrochloride efficacy in APP/PS1 mice by ameliorating amyloid pathology and cognitive functions
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative characterized by memory deficits and cognitive decline. Current drugs can only relieve symptoms, but cannot really cure AD. Cerebralcare Granule® (CG) Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) containing variety of biologically active compounds. In our previous studies, CG has shown beneficial effect against impairment in mice caused d -galactose. However, whether be used as complementary for the treatment AD remains unexplored. Here, we use combination memantine hydrochloride (Mm) to treat Alzheimer-like pathology investigate effects mechanisms vivo. Methods The histology brain was examined with Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining, Golgi staining Thioflavin S staining. ELISA applied assess expression levels or activities CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL) serum, well IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α brain. Western blotting β-secretase (BACE1), amyloid precursor protein (APP), APPβ, APPα, synaptophysin (SYN), growth-associated 43 (GAP43), postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95). Results present study, group (CG + Mm) significantly attenuated behavior without adverse APP/PS1 mice, indicating its high degree safety efficacy after long-term treatment. Mm reduced pathological biomarker Aβ plaque accumulation inhibiting BACE1 APP ( P < 0.05 0.001). Besides, markedly inhibited hippocampus 0.001), GSH-Px serum By contrast, improved synaptic plasticity enhancing SYN, PSD95, GAP43 expression. Conclusions Taken together, these data supported notion that combined might ameliorate through multiple pathways, suggesting could play role increase anti-AD chemical reducing deposition, neuroinflammation, oxidative damage, improving plasticity.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Chinese Medicine
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2151-1926', '2151-1918']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-021-00456-9